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- In the subnode below, sourced from the [[stoa]], you will find a snapshot of the chapter outline as it was when I delivered it to editors on [[2022-07-04]] as a list of bullets. This is now an **independent version**, writable by any interested party; feel free to edit it in whichever direction you want to take it and use it to show what *you* think the Agora is about, or should be.
- (If you don't like this [[Agora]], that's fine -- consider improving it!)
# Chapter
## Introduction
# Introduction
In this [[chapter]] we describe an **Agora**, a [[knowledge commons]] provisioned and maintained by a self-governing community for [[public good]].
@@ -47,7 +45,57 @@ We then cover potential applications in the [[knowledge]] and [[social]] domains
[^chorus]: it is an expression of the [[pattern]] [[chorus of voices]].
[^protocol]: This section serves as a demonstration of a text-based action intent which, in an Agora, will result in the entity mentioned above being transcluded ("pulled", brought into the current context).
### Agora Protocol
# Background
#pull [[elinor ostrom]] [[commons]] [[knowledge commons]]
#pull [[vannevar bush]] [[memex]]
#pull [[tim berners lee]] [[solid]]
#pull [[ward cunningham]] [[wiki]] [[fedwiki]]
#pull [[douglas engelbart]]
#pull [[murray bookchin]]
#pull [[web]] [[wikis]] [[social media]] [[tools for thought]]
# Applications
## Building meaning best effort
- An Agora supports taxonomies in principle but mostly provides a set of basic tools to converge on meaning best effort through social processes.
- #pull [[agora actions]]
- #pull [[push]] [[pull]]
- #pull [[go links]]
- (Details on open source ranking algorithms based on the above go here.)
## Collaborative world building
- We seek to provision and maintain a distributed knowledge graph tailored specifically to the goal of solving problems: those of its users and society at large.
- This [[knowledge graph]] will be a [[commons]].
- Its users, as a cooperative group, are promped to take a naive but rational and constructive approach to problem solving by default:
- For each problem in the set `P` of all problems:
- Describe it as thoroughly as possible.
- Maintain a set of known and supported possible solutions, `S(P)`.
- For each solution in `S(P)`:
- Describe it thoroughly as an algorithm, a dependency graph or both.
- Maintain a set of resources (people, time, attention, wealth) needed to implement it, `R(S(P))`.
- Individual users can also declare their views on the state of the world explicitly: they define which subsets of `P`, `S` and `R` they agree with, in the sense that they believe they are feasible, true, interesting.
- Users that agree on their defined subsets can then efficiently collaborate on solutions as they become available by pooling of resources.
- Assuming the existence of such a graph we apply some good old recursivity and bootstrap an Agora with the problem of building itself.
- That is, we are tasked with solving the problem of building a system that allows participating users and entities to collaborate optimally in the face of adversity (such as biases and irrationality, but perhaps assuming good intent).
## Solving coordination problems
- A working Agora is a [[schelling point]] built around the [[principle of charity]].
- An Agora can be used to solve [[coordination problems]] like those we need to solve to enable users to leave walled gardens and protect the [[commons]] against [[enclosure]] by [[anti disintermediating]] parties. It can be said to be a device for enacting [[counter anti disintermediation]].
- An Agora provides tries to provide free [[bridges]] to escape [[walled gardens]] with your friends.
- An Agora can help people regain and maintain control of their data, including their [[social graphs]].
## Flow problems
- #pull [[liquid democracy]] [[network flow]]
- We seek to bootstrap a [[Universal Basic Income]] experiment using an Agora with a set of simple rules:
- If you consider yourself under-privileged, you sign up to receive an income.
- If you consider yourself over-privileged, you sign up to donate an income.
- Incomes are recurring donations for a set number of months.
- Optional [[virality rule]]: the person receiving the income should elect to forward e.g. 10% of the sum received to someone less privileged than them.
- The virality rule both pushes network growth and constructively exploits wealth inequality and asymmetry of information: an under-privileged person is closer in the world to a more severely under-privileged person than the initial donor, so can more efficiently allocate the resources. This also empowers under-privileged people to also make ethical decisions.
# Technical specifications
## Agora Protocol
This section describes a [[protocol]] based on a set of [[conventions]] that can be said to define an Agora.
@@ -70,7 +118,7 @@ You probably know Agora Protocol before learning about it: it is meant to reflec
We describe later how an Agora can integrate with the wider internet ecosystem and how it could be used to run experiments on distributed thought.
### Data format
## Data format
- Layer 0: [[plain text]].
- Plain text is ubiquituous.
- It is not only a common standard for all tools in the knowledge space, which simplifies interoperability; it is a common standard for thought as shown by thousands of years of preserved culture.
@@ -88,7 +136,7 @@ We describe later how an Agora can integrate with the wider internet ecosystem a
- In general, data exchange formats.
- The Agora reference implementation currently provides JSON and RDF endpoints.
### Graph definition
## Graph definition
The Agora [[knowledge graph]] can be defined as a **hypergraph** `A` with a set of `k` **nodes** `N` ([[entities]] an Agora knows about) integrated out of **subnodes** `SN_0 .. SN_k`, each containing **subedges** `SE_0 .. SE_k`, aggregating into **edges** `E_0 .. E_k` (semantic links between entities inferred from known subnodes). Edges are annotated implicitly by link context and explicitly via the use of [[agora protocol]] affordances, which is extensible and tries to build on existing conventions in the [[personal knowledge management]] space.
An Agora differs from other projects in the personal knowledge space in a few ways: whereas a **personal knowledge graph** usually contains resources authored or collected by a single person, and a **wiki** usually contains resources produced by a group, an Agora contains, integrates and interlinks both personal and group resources. Whereas links in a personal knowledge graph or wiki usually have a single target, **Agora links fan out by default** and can be thought of as queries mapping to sets of resources. This is consistent with a general design principle of facilitating storage and retrieval of entity-mapped information with a view toward removing friction from agreement and cooperation.
@@ -109,7 +157,7 @@ Building on these general principles and a [[free software]][^reference] referen
[^hypergraph]: "Stephen Wolfram likes them." -- see for example https://www.wolframphysics.org/technical-introduction/.
## Implementation details
# Reference implementation
- This section covers details on the work-in-progress reference software implementation built on the principles described above, developed as [[free software]] and run as [[public service]].
- Its guiding architectural principle being to build as much as possible on already existing conventions common to as many tools and platforms as it is possible with the aim to achieve maximal inclusivity and diversity.
- Here we cover some details of the provided free and open source reference Agora which provides a minimum viable implementation of the [[underlay]], [[interlay]], and [[overlay]] components of a [[distributed knowledge graph]][^kfg].
@@ -120,7 +168,7 @@ Building on these general principles and a [[free software]][^reference] referen
[^kfg]: https://www.knowledgefutures.org/
### Architecture
## Architecture
![agora architecture](https://social-coop-media.ams3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/media_attachments/files/108/346/148/636/771/913/original/9ffcfe84fe738daf.jpeg)
- The reference Agora is a simple distributed architecture based on off the shelf components.
@@ -137,46 +185,7 @@ Building on these general principles and a [[free software]][^reference] referen
- As of the time of writing they can interact with an Agora system account (i.e. bot) in supported platforms like [[twitter]] and [[mastodon]] while indicating nodes they want to attach to using a Layer 1 convention.
- (Soon they will be able to submit this information directly on the [[agora server]] provided interface.)
## Applications
### Building meaning best effort
- An Agora supports taxonomies in principle but mostly provides a set of basic tools to converge on meaning best effort through social processes.
- #pull [[agora actions]]
- #pull [[push]] [[pull]]
- #pull [[go links]]
- (Details on open source ranking algorithms based on the above go here.)
### Collaborative world building
- We seek to provision and maintain a distributed knowledge graph tailored specifically to the goal of solving problems: those of its users and society at large.
- This [[knowledge graph]] will be a [[commons]].
- Its users, as a cooperative group, are promped to take a naive but rational and constructive approach to problem solving by default:
- For each problem in the set `P` of all problems:
- Describe it as thoroughly as possible.
- Maintain a set of known and supported possible solutions, `S(P)`.
- For each solution in `S(P)`:
- Describe it thoroughly as an algorithm, a dependency graph or both.
- Maintain a set of resources (people, time, attention, wealth) needed to implement it, `R(S(P))`.
- Individual users can also declare their views on the state of the world explicitly: they define which subsets of `P`, `S` and `R` they agree with, in the sense that they believe they are feasible, true, interesting.
- Users that agree on their defined subsets can then efficiently collaborate on solutions as they become available by pooling of resources.
- Assuming the existence of such a graph we apply some good old recursivity and bootstrap an Agora with the problem of building itself.
- That is, we are tasked with solving the problem of building a system that allows participating users and entities to collaborate optimally in the face of adversity (such as biases and irrationality, but perhaps assuming good intent).
### Coordination problems
- A working Agora is a [[schelling point]] built around the [[principle of charity]].
- An Agora can be used to solve [[coordination problems]] like those we need to solve to enable users to leave walled gardens and protect the [[commons]] against [[enclosure]] by [[anti disintermediating]] parties. It can be said to be a device for enacting [[counter anti disintermediation]].
- An Agora provides tries to provide free [[bridges]] to escape [[walled gardens]] with your friends.
- An Agora can help people regain and maintain control of their data, including their [[social graphs]].
### Flow problems
- #pull [[liquid democracy]] [[network flow]]
- We seek to bootstrap a [[Universal Basic Income]] experiment using an Agora with a set of simple rules:
- If you consider yourself under-privileged, you sign up to receive an income.
- If you consider yourself over-privileged, you sign up to donate an income.
- Incomes are recurring donations for a set number of months.
- Optional [[virality rule]]: the person receiving the income should elect to forward e.g. 10% of the sum received to someone less privileged than them.
- The virality rule both pushes network growth and constructively exploits wealth inequality and asymmetry of information: an under-privileged person is closer in the world to a more severely under-privileged person than the initial donor, so can more efficiently allocate the resources. This also empowers under-privileged people to also make ethical decisions.
## Thanks
# Thanks
To [[Flancia Collective]], [[Agora Discuss]] and the [[Fellowship of the Link]] for discussion and inspiration.